A Madrid court has let off a former doctor over stealing newborn babies from their mothers and supplying them to infertile couples.

The court found gynaecologist Eduardo Vela, 85, had committed the crimes but could not legally be convicted because too much time had elapsed.

He was the first person to go on trial for illegal adoptions that took place during and after the fascist dictatorship of General Franco.

Thousands more cases are suspected.

The Vela case focused on Inés Madrigal, abducted and illegally adopted in 1969.

After Franco’s triumph in Spain’s 1936-1939 civil war, many children were removed from families identified by the fascist regime as Republicans and given to families considered more deserving.

The most serious abduction charge was brought against Vela by Ms Madrigal in April 2012.

However, because she failed to bring the case for 25 years after she first became an adult – in 1987 – the case fell foul of the statute of limitations, which is 10 years.

• Doctor on trial over Spain ‘stolen babies’ scandal
• Facing jail: Spanish ‘stolen baby’ who searched for her mother
• Spain’s stolen babies

She was in court for the verdict but Vela was absent.

Ms Madrigal and her lawyer say she will appeal to the Supreme Court so the doctor’s crimes do not remain unpunished.

Prosecutors had sought an 11-year jail term for Vela.

The Madrid provincial court found he had committed three crimes – abduction, fraud over pregnancy and forgery of documents.

‘Like being slapped in the face’

By Bruno Boelpaep, BBC News, outside the court

Ms Madrigal entered the court with her lawyer and came out an hour later with mixed feelings.

“I’m happy because it’s been proven that I was stolen, Dr Vela stole me,” she said. But she was also disappointed that the doctor was now free: “It’s a little hard to take that there would be a limitation on this crime.”

She thanked and hugged her supporters, a handful of women also looking for missing children. One was Cristina, who gave birth in Madrid 1984: “We are really disappointed – it’s like being slapped in the face. We need to change the laws so there would be no statute of limitations for these crimes.”

Spain’s stolen babies scandal went on for decades, from Franco’s early years in power to the 1990s.

It took a long time to surface because the Roman Catholic Church and medical profession are highly respected, and Spanish law did not require the biological mother’s name on the birth certificate.

The scandal is closely linked to the Church, which under Franco assumed a prominent role in Spain’s social services including hospitals, schools and children’s homes.

Nuns and priests compiled waiting lists of would-be adoptive parents, while doctors were said to have lied to mothers about the fate of their children.

An amnesty law, aimed at smoothing the transition to democracy, contributed to the cover-up, as courts and politicians refused to investigate baby-trafficking.

A slowly unfolding Spanish scandal

• In 2008 investigating judge Baltasar Garzón estimated that 30,000 children had been stolen from families considered politically suspect by the Franco regime
• Some 3,000 reported cases of alleged stolen children have been reported, but prosecutors have closed all but a handful of investigations
• In 2013 María Gómez Valbuena, an 87-year-old nun facing two charges of kidnapping and falsifying documents, died before going on trial
• In 2017 the European Parliament’s Committee on Petitions called on Spain to be more proactive in attending to victims by creating a special prosecutor and a public DNA bank, and urged the Catholic Church to open its archives to shed light on Franco-era adoptions.